A Review of Methodist Healthcare strategic plan

A review of a healthcare strategic plan 2008-2012 A strategic plan is normally used as an outline to the purpose of an organization. The strategic plan will often include the goals of an organization and how the organization plans to meet those goals and objectives. In addition, the plan is majorly important, as investors and stockholders look to this plan to be able to determine the likelihood of its success. The mission statement will list the intent of the organization. More specific goals of the organization are pursuit after the initial statement if necessary. In addition, more information about the organization can be included, which includes SWOT areas, or strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and other relative threats to the organization. Firstly, according to Methodist hospital the mission “in keeping with its Christian heritage, exists to provide a broad based healthcare delivery system.” Methodist strategic plan came to pass as result of a series of meetings with the entire hospital environment. Assessments of the needs of the communities, in which it serves, were discussed in-depth in these meetings. Once the data or information from the meetings had been compiled, the leaders were able to gain a better perspective as to how to approach the needs of the community. According to Kash and Deshmukh, the approach of understanding and analyzing the rural community and health care environment can use hospital admissions data, public and physician surveys, a SWOT analysis, and tools to evaluate alternative strategies. The purpose of Methodists’ strategic plan was to identify the vision and direction for the organization for 2008-2012, with clarity. In addition, to identifying the vision, Methodist plan was able to further accent with influence the essence of good sound leadership. Methodist healthcares’ corporate objective was designed to carefully plan and allocate services and resources that are required or in demand to meet the particulars of it’s’ community. Secondly, according to Methodist its’ vision “will pursue a plan to continue to build and position the hospital as a comprehensive healthcare delivery system to meet the healthcare needs and expectations of the people in the communities served.” Methodist vision , development and creation of the Methodist healthcare strategic plan was a collaborative effort that was put forth by the Methodist Hospital Organization which included members of the Methodist Hospital Board of Directors, Methodist Hospital Union County Advisory Board, Medical Staff Executive Committee, Administrative staff, and the Methodist Hospital Volunteer Auxiliary and employees. The leaders of this organization came together in unison to confirm the Methodist mission. Thirdly, the future state of Methodist strategic plan will continue to be a work in progress (WIP) for the next few years. According to Newhouse, “As the hospital industry struggles with how to integrate diversity practices to improve patient satisfaction, increase the quality of care and enhance clinical outcomes for minority populations, understanding the planning process involved in this endeavor becomes significant for senior hospital administrators.” The 2008-2012 Strategic Plan is organized around four operating priorities that reflect the organization’s values and provide the focus for the work it will do, according to the Methodist. Clinical and Operating Excellence • The plan reflects the Board’s intent to maintain the traditional Methodist Hospital commitment to clinical and operating excellence by continuing to improve patient care, promote a culture of safety, and operating effectiveness. Community Service and Growth • The plan reflects the Board’s commitment to expand existing services and develop new services to meet the needs of patients and people in the communities Methodist Hospital services. Methodist will be a thriving organization. Medical Staff Engagement The plan reflects the Commitment to work with physicians to develop or expand services to meet community needs. Stewardship and Financial Prudence • The board is committed to ensuring Methodist Hospital’s ability to serve during turbulent times. Fourthly, by providing convenient high-quality care and rising to the challenge, Methodist has set higher standards for its organization, thus setting it apart from its competitors. These high quality care standards have embarked on a multitude of strategic priorities and have established sound foundations of a good quality organization. Each of the measurable priorities includes organizational standards, measurable benchmarks, and a commitment from upper management in achieving a high level of consistency throughout the organization. Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI) and Total Quality Management (TQM) systems are able to capture measurable and quantifiable results. From the onset information management in hospitals can also be stressful and overwhelming at times to its users. Therefore, as IT Managers in the healthcare industry and as healthcare leaders we must lessen this anxiety and make the distinction when necessary. However according to Winter, Ammenwerth, Bott, Brigl, Buchauer, Gräber “this is essential, because each of these information management levels views hospital information systems from different perspectives, and therefore uses other methods and tools.” These decision making tools or systems are able to provide a wealth of information used in making higher management level decisions. Methodist is dedicated to continued monitoring and review of its established performance expectations that are consistent with its mission for continuous quality improvement initiatives. Fifthly, outstanding Board members, a committed and capable medical staff and dedicated, knowledgeable health professionals are core components to support successful business solutions at Methodist. The support from these members is imperative as it relates to the initiatives of quality and Methodist mission and vision. In conclusion, Methodists’ strategic plan was designed to be dynamic; therefore is ready to meet the enormous challenges in a daily and rapidly changing hospital and healthcare environment. The most daunting component of the plan however, is to achieve the ideal economic and financial growth with as less burden on patients as possible. Nonetheless, Methodist like other business organizations is immobilized when unable to get the members of the organization to buy into the plan. In addition, the lack of awareness and negative perception were key issues, according to Kash and Deskmukh the prohibited the progression of a strategic plan. References Kash, B. A., & Deshmukh, A. A. (2013). Developing a Strategic Marketing Plan for Physical and Occupational Therapy Services: A Collaborative Project Between a Critical Access Hospital and a Graduate Program in Health Care Management. Health Marketing Quarterly, 30(3), 263-280. doi:10.1080/07359683.2013.814507 Newhouse, J. J. (2010). Strategic plan modelling by hospital senior administration to integrate diversity management. Health Services Management Research: An Official Journal Of The Association Of University Programs In Health Administration / HSMC, AUPHA, 23(4), 160-165. doi:10.1258/hsmr.2010.010003 Winter, A., Ammenwerth, E., Bott, O., Brigl, B., Buchauer, A., Gräber, S., & ... Winter, A. (2001). Strategic information management plans: the basis for systematic information management in hospitals. International Journal Of Medical Informatics, 6499-109. doi:10.1016/S1386-5056(01)00219-2 A review of Methodist Healthcare strategic plan www.quivvla.blogspot.com

The feasibility of bar code scanning in the healthcare industry

The high frequency of medication errors often results in harm to patients and unnecessary cost; because of this their prevention is a worldwide priority for health systems. Patient rights are protected by the privacy and security rules of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA). These rules hold the healthcare industry accountable during the collection, viewing, and dissemination of patient information. A patient’s digital record or Electronic Health Record (EHR) is much more difficult to secure and maintain in today’s information age as compared to the prior paper generation. EHR system should address five core functionalities: • improve patient safety, • support the delivery of effective patient care, • facilitate management of chronic conditions, • improve efficiency, • and feasibility of implementation. Secondly, the barcode scanning solution in healthcare has the propensity to advance solutions that will assuredly, not paint the administrator into a corner with its advent, but offer considerable solutions to repeat occurrences or offenses in quality. Bar code scanning is ideal, because clinical decision making, is a complex process that depends on human ability to provide undivided attention and to memorize, recall, and synthesize huge amounts of data all vulnerable areas. For this purpose, IT systems can improve access to pieces of information, organize them, and identify links between them. Thirdly, the HIPAA privacy rule requires health care providers to ensure “appropriate safeguards to protect the privacy of personal health information”, according to Electronic Health records online. This rule must be followed each and every time a patient’s information is accessed. However, it doesn’t matter whether that information is on paper or in a digital format, security measures properly implemented and in place. According to online dictionary, the HIPAA security rule specifically regulates how a patient’s electronic health information is “created received, used, or maintained.” As a result of the HIPPA quality initiative, bar-coding in health care will not "open Pandora's box", but instead act as a catalyst used to aide in helping to meet or exceed customer expectations. Fourthly, the demand now is for implementation of Systems that use information technology (IT), such as computerized physician order entry, automated dispensing, barcode medication administration, electronic medication reconciliation, and personal health records, which are also, vital components of strategies to prevent medication errors. Bar-coding in healthcare is not beyond financial, moral, or intellectual means; however, there are certain concerns, such as the high costs of such systems that can be attained through economic incentives and government policies and or federal grants. Fifthly, bar code scanning is morally, ethically and legally acceptable inasmuch as the bar-coded medication administration (BCMA) systems require that the nurse who administers the medication at the bedside should scan the patient's identification bracelet and the unit dose of the medication being administered. The implementation of a control mechanism in place of this nature assures accountability and therefore offers the type of guarantee we desire to have in the healthcare industry. The bar- coding solutions in healthcare primarily will require some heavy financial sacrifice and perhaps even some silent investors from the surrounding communities. Nevertheless, IT systems specifically designed of health care bar-coding, can have deliver an abundance of Return on Investment (ROI) bottom line. In addition, according to the global language of business, automatic identification systems (bar code or RFID) can have a variety of application, including point-of-care scanning to match product data to patient data, verification of patient identity via a wristband, enabling the introduction of robotic dispensing systems, recording implant serial numbers in patient records and central registries, tracking and tracing of individual instruments through decontamination, stock control and supplies management, tracking assets throughout a network of facilities and much more. All these applications and systems enable the realization of associated health and economic benefits: reducing medication errors, preventing counterfeiting, saving costs and increasing the Healthcare supply chain efficiency and transparency. The cost of a barcode proposed solution is variable depending on the size and complexity of the project. According to Pub Med, online the cost of implementing and operating BCMA including electronic pharmacy management and drug repackaging over 5 years is $40,000 (range: $35,600 to $54,600) per BCMA-enabled bed and $2000 (range: $1800 to $2600) per harmful error prevented. However, automated data collection solutions, including bar-coding and radio frequency identification (RFID) technology, can help hospitals and acute healthcare facilities ensure accuracy, accountability, and patient safety inside the four walls. In conclusion, the cost is indeterminable if the problem were to go on unsolved. Research and studies have shown the number of adverse drug events prevented using BCMA was estimated by multiplying the number of doses administered using BCMA by the rate of harmful errors prevented by interventions in response to system warnings. The BCMA identified and intercepted medication errors in 1.1% of doses administered, 9% of which potentially could have resulted in lasting harm. References Markle Foundation. Connecting for Health. A Public–Private Collaborative. Final Report. 1 July 2003. Available at http://www.connectingforhealth.org/resources/final_phwg_report1.pdf (last accessed 9 February 2009.

The approximate costs associated with bar-coded system in health care

The purpose of this paper is to be able to calculate the costs associated with implementing and operating an inpatient bar-code medication administration (BCMA) system in a hospital or medical setting. Bar code assisted medication administration reduces medication errors, improves patient safety, the accuracy of medication administration and documentation. In a bar-coded system, all medications are electronically verified before being administered to patients. In addition, the dose of medication is double checked and against the patient’s medication record, that is on file. Afterwards, the route of the medication is automatically entered and verified during this process. In a properly implemented bar-coded medical facility, the scan of the medication brings up the correct medication on the patient’s medication record, therefore less subject to human error. Secondly, costs included direct expenditures on capital, infrastructure, additional personnel, and the opportunity costs of time for existing personnel working on the project. The number of adverse drug events prevented using BCMA was estimated by multiplying the number of doses administered using BCMA by the rate of harmful errors prevented by interventions in response to system warnings. BCMA identified and intercepted medication errors in 1.1% of doses administered, 9% of which potentially could have resulted in lasting harm. Implementation costs include: System design and planning IT infrastructure Interfaces with other information technology systems Training BCMA system Routine maintenance and operating expenses System quality control and refinement User support Project Bar-Code Scanning System design and planning $300,000.00 IT infrastructure $275,000.00 Interfaces with other information technology systems $75,000.00 Training $100,000.00 BCMA system $100,000.00 Routine maintenance and operating expenses $80,000.00 System quality control and refinement $120,000.00 User support $120,000.00 $1,170,000.00 Thirdly, Bar Code Medication Administration (BCMA), related costs were divided into direct capital costs and personnel costs for time spent during planning, staffing, training, and monitoring. Capital purchases consisted of the BCMA hardware, such as computers, servers, carts to move the computers from room to room, handheld bar-code scanners, and auxiliary computer batteries to ensure a consistent power supply. Also included were the software licenses, interfaces with other computer applications, ongoing maintenance/service support contracts for BCMA, and other systems and supplies necessary to make BCMA operational. Infrastructure capital investments such as building wireless capacity, drug repackaging equipment needed to support bar codes and construction (eg, to accommodate new repackaging equipment), were also included if these infrastructure improvements were incurred as part of the BCMA project. KN Recommendations: Barcode-Assisted Medication Administration Implement barcode-assisted medication administration in all healthcare facilities Scan patient’s wristband and medication prior to administration Rights: Patient, Drug, Dose, Time, Route, Reason proposed solution to the problem. In conclusion, medication errors are a significant source of avoidable healthcare costs and patient harm. BCMA implementation in the medical-surgical units, improved adherence to patient identification but more distractions of the nursing staff occurred and the medications administered were less frequently explained to the patient , according to Helmons, Wargel & Daniels. The Institute of Medicine (IOM) estimates that 400,000 preventable drug-related injuries, or adverse drug events (ADEs), occur in hospitals each year. Many small businesses have the impression that barcode systems are expensive and they simply can’t afford to implement one. When considering barcode systems, you need to also evaluate the long-term benefits for your business. One of the greatest assets of bar-coding is the added efficiency that it provides your business. There is less risk of human error when you’re not inputting prices at checkout; in fact, the whole process gets accelerated with the use of barcodes. Customer waiting time is shortened which will certainly make them happier. References Bonkowski, J., Carnes, C., Melucci, J., Mirtallo, J., Prier, B., Reichert, E., & ... Weber, R. (2013). Effect of barcode-assisted medication administration on emergency department medication errors. Academic Emergency Medicine: Official Journal Of The Society For Academic Emergency Medicine, 20(8), 801-806. doi:10.1111/acem.12189 Helmons, P. J., Wargel, L. N., & Daniels, C. E. (2009). Effect of bar-code-assisted medication administration on medication administration errors and accuracy in multiple patient care areas. American Journal Of Health-System Pharmacy: AJHP: Official Journal Of The American Society Of Health-System Pharmacists, 66(13), 1202-1210. doi:10.2146/ajhp080357 Raman, K., Heelon, M., Kerr, G., & Higgins, T. L. (2011). Addressing challenges in bar-code scanning of large-volume infusion bags. American Journal Of Health-System Pharmacy: AJHP: Official Journal Of The American Society Of Health-System Pharmacists, 68(15), 1450-1453. doi:10.2146/ajhp100655

Methodist Healthcare Policy and Procedure Manual

The terms medical record, health record, and medical chart are used interchangeably when describing the systematic documentation of a single patient's medical history and care across time within one particular health care provider's jurisdiction. Medical records includes a variety of types of "notes" entered over time by health care professionals, recording observations and administration of drugs and therapies, orders for the administration of drugs and therapies, test results, x-rays, reports, etc, according to an online dictionary. A patient's individual medical record identifies the patient and contains information regarding the patient's case history at a particular provider. “The U.S. health care system is in the midst of transforming from a fee-for-service system to a value-based system that delivers high-quality and cost-effective care.” (Koltov, M. K., & Damle, N. S. 2014) According to, the Handbook for Physicians and Medical Office Staff handbook, liability insurers, defense attorneys, and third-party payers remind physicians and other health professionals that the safety of patients, the outcome of litigation and the promptness of reimbursement depend on the adequacy, legibility, completeness, timeliness and accuracy of medical records. Firstly, medical records documentation is important for multiple reasons and has various operational and functional roles in the medical industry. Patient safety and provider protection are both protected by the information that is captured in the patient’s medical record. Every time you visit a hospital, physician or other health care provider, a record of your visit is made. This record may include your symptoms, examination and test results, diagnosis, treatment and plans for future care or treatment. Secondly, Methodist Healthcare organization addresses these issues by fostering the concept of top quality and continuity of care. Methodist Healthcare organization creates a means of communication between it’s’ providers and members about patient’s health status, preventive health services, treatment, planning, and delivery of care. In addition, Methodist Healthcare medical record standards reflect the importance of confidentiality and accessibility by authorized users only. Methodist healthcare weaknesses unfavorably are within the ability to oversee and manage risk management concerns relating to the mismanagement of records or improper disclosure of protected health information (PHI) that can lead to regulatory sanctions, network exclusions, and could affect licensure, accreditation, and Medicare and Medicaid reimbursement and participation. Medical records aide physicians in medical malpractice claims management and loss prevention activities. Upon any request being made, a complete documentation of any medical encounter must be made available. Promotion of continuous quality improvements includes good sound record documentation standards that reflect the importance of complete, timely, and accurate health information and are as follows: Member identifiers appear on every piece of documentation Entries are legible to others and are recorded in black or blue ink if on paper Entries are dated and authenticated by the author Documentation is made at the time service is provided Documentation must support all codes submitted Only standard medical abbreviations should be used in documentation All patient encounters, including telephone, fax, and electronic message exchanges are documented Documentation of any advance directives is in a prominent part of a member's medical record and includes whether or not a member has executed an advance directive, as well as documentation of any information about advance directives that was made available to the member Promptly forwarding the records ensures that the personal physician has a complete medical record on file The strength of Methodist healthcare is the ability to ensure compliance with laws, rules and regulations, and other benchmarks such as healthcare policies and procedures, Methodist healthcare managers are able to protect against unauthorized access and release, medical record management policies should address the physical security of paper-based documents, electronic record system security measures, and personnel access to both electronic and paper records. Methodist healthcare has a significant number of policies and procedures to cover all of the requirements that need to be covered. Certain responsibilities that meet and exceed customer expectation are as follows: Maintaining the privacy of your health record; Providing you with a copy of this Notice; Abiding by the terms of this Notice; Notifying you if we are unable to agree to a requested amendment or restriction; and Accommodating reasonable requests you may have to communicate health information by alternative means or at alternative locations. In conclusion, sound medical record documentation is important because it is being governed by gobs of laws on both state and federal levels. Medical records contain sensitive information, and increasing computerization and other policy factors have increased threats to their privacy. There are threats to privacy from modern record-keeping systems and from legislation. “Electronic health record systems contain clinically detailed data from large populations of patients that could significantly enrich public health surveillance.” (Vogel, J., Brown, J. S., Land, T., Platt, R., & Klompas, M. 2014) In order to protect patients these protectors have been established and are as follows:  Medical Ethics  The privacy portion of the Hippocratic Oath: "Whatsoever I shall see or hear in the course of my intercourse with men, if it be what should not be published abroad, I will never divulge, holding such things to be holy secrets."  The 1992 AMA statement, which states that medical information must be confidential to the greatest possible degree.  Laws and Other Legal Protection  The Privacy Act of 1974, which states that no federal agency may disclose information without the consent of the person. Agencies must also meet certain requirements for protecting the information. Federal Laws only cover federal agencies, such as Medicare and Medicaid. The bulk of medical records are covered by various, inconsistent and often ineffectual state laws. State Laws , this document allows you to look at the privacy laws, including medical privacy laws, for each state. Only about half of the states guarantee patients the right to see their medical records (CR, Oct. 1994, p. 629). You can obtain more information by looking in your state code or by contacting Privacy Journal.  Tort Law. This may include defamation, breach of contract, and other privacy-related torts. To determine whether your policies comply with state and federal laws regarding the storage and release of PHI, consult with an attorney about the following issues: Creating policies and procedures pertaining to both the on-site and off-site storage of medical records. Accurately labeling and storing records to aid in record retrieval and prevent improper access and/or destruction. Establishing functional redundancy to allow for medical record storage system back-up should the primary storage system fail Entering into Business Associate Agreements with any outside vendors with whom the practice may contract to store, retrieve, and/or destroy medical records on behalf of the practice. Tailoring policies and procedures to address special considerations pertaining to the electronic medical records (e.g., protections by password and encryption, storage and protection of metadata, etc.). Nevertheless, the biggest challenges are with implementing and using electronic medical records. Healthcare providers are experiencing difficulty with using the new systems and therefore, seek other individuals to enter the data into the systems for them. “A failure by physicians to take a lead on this will mean that they may become victims of pressure or legislation.” (Patrick, K. 2014). Documenting the information on both paper and in a computer system has overwhelmed some providers. Furthermore, the lacks of familiarity with the systems have impeded the progress and therefore some users are reluctant to the change. However, opportunities for improvements are possible if the providers will buy into the quality initiative and get the best results out of the system. References 1.) Patrick, K. (2014). Patients and their medical records: it is time to embrace transparency. CMAJ: Canadian Medical Association Journal = Journal De L'association Medicale Canadienne, 186(11), 811. doi:10.1503/cmaj.140834 2.) Koltov, M. K., & Damle, N. S. (2014). Health policy basics: physician quality reporting system. Annals Of Internal Medicine, 161(5), 365-367. doi:10.7326/M14-0786 3.) Vogel, J., Brown, J. S., Land, T., Platt, R., & Klompas, M. (2014). MDPHnet: Secure, Distributed Sharing of Electronic Health Record Data for Public Health Surveillance, Evaluation, and Planning. American Journal Of Public Health, 104(12), 2265-2270. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014.302103

Analyze how Health Care Providers Address Issues of Quality

Leaders in health care and providers of health care services are all striving to improve the cost and quality of services being provided to their customers. However, understanding disparities in health care access is imperative; when attempting to identify a solution. For many health service providers, the primary business organizational goal is, to always look for ways to improve the quality of life or service, life expectancy, overall physical, social, and mental health status, disease prevention by detection and disability and easy entrance into the health care system for customers. To fully address these concerns, it is necessary that everyone has equal low- cost access, to an affordable comprehensive plans and quality health care services. By addressing, some of the most chronic illnesses before-hand, will make a whole lot of financial difference in the bottom line long-term. These financial savings makes possible, funding for other critical the long –term strategic planning. Access to all sorts of information and services, is paramount in efforts to prevent and improve social, economic, mental and physical levels of accomplishments individually and as a community. Therefore, great communication, information systems (IIS) and Public Relations (PR) skills, will help to deliver pertinent information to the right audience and in timely manner. Social, economic and health equity, concerns continues plague the U.S. until this day. Equitable access to health services assures timely use of personal health services to achieve the best health care results individually. Firstly, access to health care services in the U.S., undeniably for many years has had the most negative and devastating consequence in minority communities. Fortunately, OBAMA care has been the panacea to some individuals and families when dealing with their health care woes. The "Universal healthcare" or "universal coverage" is an ideal concept that refers to a situation where everyone is covered for basic healthcare services, and no one is denied care as long as they are legal residents of the U.S. And of course with the recent illegal massive immigration influx, this too has added more complexity to an out of control situation, as it were with policies, rules and regulations. In certain countries, like Russia, and throughout the world countries offer healthcare universally, to all their citizens, in public and private sectors, and not through single-payer systems. Nevertheless, there are a few steps that can be taken to alleviate access problems and are as follows: a. provide efficient and coordinated care for patients and extend the reach of each provider b. Ensuring that all staff members are professionally trained and educated c. Removing barriers to practice, which exist at the state and federal levels, for established professions Secondly, Quality of services in health care is most important, when it applies to that individual, more so than in any other sector. “The need to improve quality of care represents a major goal of all health care systems.” (Montgomery, A., Todorova, I., Baban, A., & Panagopoulou, E. (2013) However, overall else, improving health care services depends on the patient’s ability to gain and maintain some level of consistent coverage so that they are in position to be monitored , assessed and tracked. Beyond everything, the quality concept is based on zero defects. There are several methods used for improving the quality of services and are as follows: a. Setting goals and investing in whatever catalyst will help you to reach your business goals b. Tracking and measuring your goals at increments c. Conducting interviews and surveys regularly Lastly, customer satisfaction is the most important feedback that any business manager seeks. “In the last decade, many hospital designs have taken inspiration from hotels, spurred by factors such as increased patient and family expectations and regulatory or financial incentives.” (Wu, Z., Robson, S., & Hollis, B. (2013) Customer satisfaction is based purely on the experience that clients have had with your organization. The level of satisfaction determines rather or not the customer will return to your place of business or not. There are multiple ways to keep your customer coming back and are as follows: a. Thank all your customers for their business b. Try to impress your customers as if you want a pay raise c. Think about your paycheck every time you talk to a customer In conclusion, “despite decades of progress globally there is still an unacceptable level of preventable illness and death, and millions of people are denied their basic right to health.” (Grgić, M., Bilas, V., & Franc, S. (2014) Additionally, health care professionals should be informed and trained with providing information to patients in hospitals and nursing homes or any facility that are places of public accommodation covered by Title III of the ADA. In addition, all governmental organizations and other places with public accommodation, such as hotels, retail establishments, restaurants, and museums are all good starting places for reaching out to the right potential customer. Furthermore, adequately staffing the health workforce with those professionals that daily meet or exceed the needs of the people in the community in many ways, is your ideal candidate. References 1. Grgić, M., Bilas, V., & Franc, S. (2014). IMPROVEMENT OF HEALTH CARE SYSTEMS FUNCTIONING AS AN ELEMENT OF ALLIVIETING POVERTY. Global Conference On Business & Finance Proceedings, 9(1), 407-412. 2. Montgomery, A., Todorova, I., Baban, A., & Panagopoulou, E. (2013). Improving quality and safety in the hospital: The link between organizational culture, burnout, and quality of care. British Journal Of Health Psychology,18(3), 656-662. 3. Wu, Z., Robson, S., & Hollis, B. (2013). The application of hospitality elements in hospitals. Journal Of Healthcare Management / American College Of Healthcare Executives, 58(1), 47-62.

Management constitutes a variety of tasks including the activities where people, technology, job tasks, and other resources are combined and effectively coordinated to achieve your organizational goals and objectives.

Management constitutes a variety of tasks including the activities where people, technology, job tasks, and other resources are combined and effectively coordinated to achieve your organizational goals and objectives. “Capital budgeting allows managers to perform cost benefit analysis on proposed long-term investment projects.” (Kocher, C. (2007). This process or function is a set of activities dedicated to the larger picture. Management functions are based on a common philosophy and approach. They centre around the following: 1. Developing and clarifying mission, policies, and objectives of the agency or organization 2. Establishing formal and informal organizational structures as a means of delegating authority and sharing responsibilities 3. Setting priorities and reviewing and revising objectives in terms of changing demands 4. Maintaining effective communications within the working group, with other groups, and with the larger community 5. Selecting, motivating, training, and appraising staff 6. Securing funds and managing budgets; evaluating accomplishments and 7. Being accountable to staff, the larger enterprise, and to the community at large (Waldron, 1994b). • Planning: outlining philosophy, policy, objectives, and resultant things to be accomplished, and the techniques for accomplishment • Organizing: establishing structures and systems through which activities are arranged, defined, and coordinated in terms of some specific objectives • Staffing: fulfilling the personnel function, which includes selecting and training staff and maintaining favorable work conditions • Directing: making decisions, embodying decisions in instructions, and serving as the leader of the enterprise • Coordinating: interrelating the various parts of the work • Reporting: keeping those to whom you are responsible, including both staff and public, informed • Budgeting: making financial plans, maintaining accounting and management control of revenue, and keeping costs in line with objectives Every facility manager (FM) needs to be concerned with the cost of business. “Most healthcare systems used a blend of board and department-initiated input into budget development, usually with interaction between the two.” (Smith, D. G., & Wynne, J. (2005) Your goal as FM is to improve the net revenue and cash flow of your organization through numerous strategies. In your tool kit should be ways to maximize the total cost of ownership of all the assets you maintain, namely, buildings and equipment. If at all possible avoiding cuts to personnel and those with specialty assets that are complementary to our services and programs. Secondly, budgeting is everything when it comes to determining the success of your healthcare division.” (Wernz, C., Zhang, H., & Phusavat, K. (2014) Healthcare costs have increased considerably over the past decades around the world”. It is unfortunate that some managers have yet to make it primary and the most important business function. All departments have some associations that must be cleared through the finance department which requires the full consensus between administration and hospital operations. Therefore, full communication and required and expected from all parties involves in the daily activities of running a hospital. Thirdly, budgeting and preparing financial budgets is all part of the daily business operations in the hospital and we must learn from the past so we won’t repeat the failures or yesterday. Some major budget considerations for healthcare facility managers are as follows: 1.) Do Not Budget in a Silo 2.) History and Predictive Maintenance 3.) Use the Buzzwords 4.) Benchmarking 5.) Investment in Expense Reduction Strategies Equals Revenue “The benchmarking approach is adapted, by using interview techniques along with non-participant observations in which the results have been unified.” (International Journal of Healthcare Management, 7(3), )The FM needs to be listening to the buzzwords because they are important indicators of how to capture their attention and meet business goals. Tailor your budget with information to help you understand how supporting your budget needs will help them meet challenges. In conclusion, “Health care leaders and policy makers have tried countless incremental fixes-attacking fraud, reducing errors, enforcing practice guidelines, making patients better "consumers," implementing electronic medical records-but none have had much impact.”( PORTER, M. E., & LEE, T. H. (2013). However, healthcare has become routine in the way they operate. As a result, millions of dollars worth of expenses have been removed in order to accommodate recent governmental budget cuts to healthcare programs. We must also rebuild our new healthcare infrastructure in a way that is robust and more cost-efficient in the services we offer. Though, there have some growth in the market share over the last several years there is still much needed research and development in the U.S. health care systems. References 1. Improving efficiency and community-wide practices: benchmarking through integrated pastoral care. (2014). International Journal of Healthcare Management, 7(3), 214-220. doi:10.1179/2047971913Y.0000000068 2. Kocher, C. (2007). Hospital Capital Budgeting Practices and Their Relation to Key Hospital Characteristics: A Survey of U.S. Manager Practices. Journal Of Global Business Issues, 1(2), 21-29. 3. PORTER, M. E., & LEE, T. H. (2013). THE STRATEGY THAT WILL FIX HEALTH CARE. Harvard Business Review, 91(10), 50-70. 4. Smith, D. G., & Wynne, J. (2005). Capital budgeting practices in hospitals. International Journal Of Healthcare Technology & Management, 7(1/2), 1. 5. Wernz, C., Zhang, H., & Phusavat, K. (2014). International study of technology investment decisions at hospitals. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 114(4), 568. doi:10.1108/IMDS-10-2013-0422 50% Off the Gifts Category with any purchase of $25 or more, Plus get a $10 Gift Card! Enter code GIFTS at checkout. 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There are macro and micro-economic factors that could directly or indirectly influence your business operations.

There are macro and micro-economic factors that could directly or indirectly influence your business operations. The social science that studies the choices that individuals, businesses, governments, and entire societies make as they cope with scarcity, the incentives that influence those choices, and the arrangements that coordinate them is called economics. (Edition 931) The economic subject matter is broad and can be very complex; nevertheless there are major questions that economist must consider when that wanting to provide clarity for defining the economic scope of a business organization. Fundamentally, there are two major questions and are listed below:  How do choices end up determining what, how, and for whom goods and services get produced?  When do choices made in the pursuit of self-interest also promote the social interest? “Micro-ethical questions arise primarily for subordinates in an organization and concern what should be done when the demands of conscience conflict with perceived occupational requirements.” (Brummer, J. 81-91) “Macro-ethical questions arise principally for superiors and concern the setting of policy for the organization in general.” (Brummer, J. 81-91) International ethical quandaries are a significant challenge to those businesses that opt to engage in globalized business operations. Although, the law may vary from country to country, it is one of the most important aspects of globalized business. Needless to say, although however, is that traditional cross-cultural ethics are superseding major factor that tends to plunder. The application of a moral code of conduct to the strategic and operational management of a business is called business ethics. Even though ethics can be debatable, there have been many years spent in corporate governance trying to determine or define these business related ethics or codes of conduct. Nevertheless, there are three major levels of business ethics. To classify these elements they have been categorized into the following categories:  the macro level  the corporate level  the individual level The international relationships and the role of business on an international scale characterizes the macro level. At the macro level the role of business in the national and international organization of society and the relative morality of different political/social systems, free enterprises and centrally planned economies. The social responsibility of ethical issues facing individual corporate entities (private and public sector) when developing and implementing strategies is at the corporate level. Lastly, behavior and actions of individuals within organizations can be allocated at the individual level. The concept of morality is that it is "proper behavior" and "knowing the difference between “right and wrong". (et al) Therefore, morality provides the underlying foundations and establishes the tone, in which businesses should conduct itself professionally. Unfortunately, in the more recent years, complications with business ethics and morality abroad, has been on a constant rise. Many of the ethical issues arise as a result of poor human management. More concisely, some of the ethical issues are in relation to the hiring, management and dismissal of the people who work in your business. It is unfortunate, that some organizations don’t realize that the people who work in your business also have certain rights that are bound to ethics. On the other hand, microeconomics is the study of financial issues from the perspective of individual economic units, such as a single household, small business or individual. The minimum wage has a number of positive and negative effects on businesses, families and individual workers, from a microeconomics perspective. For clarity purposes, minimum wage is a prescribed wage level that must be met or exceeded by employers in all employment contracts, as set forth in the Fair Labor Standards Act. Likewise, the issue of minimum wage, has been contested time and time again and remains a very highly sensitive and debatable topic. Notwithstanding, one of the main arguments in opposition to raising the minimum wage is that higher wages increase operating costs for small business. Furthermore, the traditional high Global Competitive Reports (GCR), which has raised issues on multiple levels according to the US, is largely attributable to fallacies poor science and ideology. “The GCR purports to be an objective scientific instrument, but is in fact based on ideology that (mis)leads governments, corporations and individuals to make decisions that are unethical in their application and effects”. (Bergsteiner, H., & Avery, G, 392) Immense differences between Eastern and Western cultures and business environments, that once meet in theory in national and regional organizations are now failing. . “Differences in style and culture that may once have appeared to be trivial are having major impacts on the ability of global organizations to maintain uniform standards of practice and operating procedures.” (Finfleman, J., & Lopez, O.) Lastly, the issues with the environmental sustainability which involves making decisions and taking action that are in the interests of protecting the planet. Currently, environmental sustainability is a topical issue that receives plenty of attention from the media and from different governmental departments. This is a result of the amount of research going into assessing the impact that human activity can have on the environment. References Brummer, J. (1985). Business Ethics: Micro and Macro. Journal of Business Ethics, 4(2), 81-91. Edition, Custom. SKS 5000-Business Strategies for Organizational Effectiveness within the Global Perspective VitalSource eBook for Northcentral University. Pearson Learning Solutions. VitalBook file. Strubler, D., Park, S., Agarwal, A., & Cayo, K. (2012). DEVELOPMENT OF A MACRO-MODEL OF CROSS CULTURAL ETHICS. Journal Of Legal, Ethical & Regulatory Issues, 15(2), 25-34. Bergsteiner, H., & Avery, G (2012). When Ethics are Compromised by ideology: The Global Competitiveness Report. Journal Of Business Ethics, 109(4), 391-410 Finfleman, J., & Lopez, O. (2012). Global consulting in a culturally diverse world; Ethical and legal implications. Consulting Psychology Journal: Practice And Research, 64(4), 307-324. Doi:10.1037/a0031675

Nichols’s Geriatrics professionals provide ongoing primary care for older people including home visits and primary care to nursing home patients.

Nichols’s Geriatrics professionals provide ongoing primary care for older people including home visits and primary care to nursing home patients. The department emphasizes coordinating services and providing the support necessary to maintain patients in their own home, if possible. Outpatient consultations for memory loss and other specific geriatric syndromes are also available. Nichols’s Geriatric Health Services can perform a comprehensive geriatric assessment of patients, provide case management and outpatient social services, assist with applications for financial assistance and coordinate physician and social worker visits to the home or skilled nursing care facility. First, my employees need to firmly know what is expected of them. They should be able to quote these goals when asked, and have the meaning of these goals engrained into their memory. This way they will always have a unified focus on where they are now, and where they need to be headed. Secondly, our goal is to meet long-term company objectives. For example, improving customer satisfaction ratings from whatever percentage to 100%. Operations managers have many goals such as: reduce cost, reduce variability and improved logistics flow, improved productivity, improve quality of customer service, and continuously improved business processes. However, reducing cost is always at the forefront within an organizational goal. Staffing also plays an important role as for the cost and patient care. “It is widely acknowledged that information technology (IT) and business resources need to be well aligned to achieve organizational goals.” (Wagner, H., Beimborn, D., & Weitzel, T. (2014 pp. 241-272) In order to reach maximum efficiency, there were certain long-term goals we wanted to achieve and are as follows: Improve health care quality and access Improve treatment for mental illness and chemical Dependency Improve senior safety and well-being Improve long term care Increase employment and self-sufficiency Use effective treatment to enhance outcomes Reinforce strong management to increase public trust Strengthen data-driven decision making (with empowerment) Value and develop employees Improve internal and external partnerships Thirdly, by providing integrated health care services that are holistic, comprehensive and cost effective, we are able to address some of the more functional objectives . For example, A. IMPROVE HEALTH CARE QUALITY AND ACCESS B. IMPROVE TREATMENT FOR MENTAL ILLNESS AND CHEMICAL DEPENDENCY C. IMPROVE ELDERLY SAFETY AND WELL-BEING D. IMPROVE LONG TERM CARE E. INCREASE EMPLOYMENT AND SELF-SUFFICIENCY F. USE EFFECTIVE TREATMENT TO ENHANCE OUTCOMES G. REINFORCE STRONG MANAGEMENT TO INCREASE PUBLIC TRUST H. STRENGTHEN DATA-DRIVEN DECISION MAKING I. VALUE AND DEVELOP EMPLOYEES We will actively pursue possibilities and evaluate new opportunities for fulfilling the organization's vision and strategic objectives by performing what is known as Internal Assessment. We must understand why the organization has succeeded in the past, what it will take to succeed in the future, and how it must change to acquire the necessary capabilities to succeed in the future. “These policy changes have implications for hospitals to be managed more cost effectively and efficiently.” (Kippist, L., & Fitzgerald, A. (2012).pp. 34-47)To do this, we must: • evaluate the organization's capacities--its management, program operations • evaluate the organization's resources--people, money, facilities, technology, and information. • review the organization's current capacities and future needs. • compile a list of the strengths and weaknesses that will have the greatest influence on the organization's ability to capitalize on opportunities. For example, Organization-wide Supervisors / Managers Employees Savings Time Savings Clarification of Expectations Accuracy Reduced Conflicts Improved Self-assessment Accountability Visible Accountability Improved Performance Productivity Efficiency Career Paths Retention Consistency Job Satisfaction Communication Performance Performance Patient-centered care has become a central focus for the nation’s health system, “yet patient experience surveys indicate that the system is far from achieving it.” (Li, C., & Yu, C. (2013). pp. 3319-3690) Based on interviews with leaders of patient-centered organizations and initiatives, this report identifies seven key factors for achieving patient-centered care at the organization level: 1) top leadership engagement, 2) a strategic vision clearly and constantly communicated to every member of the organization, 3) involvement of patients and families at multiple levels, 4) a supportive work environment for all employees, 5) systematic measurement and feedback, 6) the quality of the built environment, and 7) supportive information technology. Fourthly, by creating and implementing an effective performance management process which will enable managers to evaluate and measure individual performance and optimize productivity by: • Aligning individual employee's day-to-day actions with strategic business objectives • Providing visibility and clarifying accountability related to performance expectations • Documenting individual performance to support compensation and career planning decisions • Establishing focus for skill development and learning activity choices • Creating documentation for legal purposes, to support decisions and reduce disputes In conclusion, one of the challenges of health reform, for those managing hospitals, is a need to have a unified position in their collective ownership of managing the organization. Also, forward thinking companies are taking steps to successfully address this negative view of performance management. They are implementing innovative solutions that ensure processes deliver real results and improve performance. References 1). (2010, 10). Healthcare Operations Management Roles and Goals. StudyMode.com. Retrieved 10, 2010, from http://www.studymode.com/essays/Healthcare-Operations-Management-Roles-And-Goals-434049.html 2. Kippist, L., & Fitzgerald, A. (2012). BREAKING DOWN PROFESSIONAL BOUNDARIES: HOW CAN DOCTORS AND MANAGERS WORK TOGETHER TO BETTER MANAGE HEALTH CARE ORGANISATIONS?. Employment Relations Record, 12(1), 34-47. 3. Li, C., & Yu, C. (2013). Performance evaluation of public non-profit hospitals using a BP artificial neural network: the case of Hubei Province in China. International Journal Of Environmental Research And Public Health,10(8), 3619-3633. doi:10.3390/ijerph10083619 4. Wagner, H., Beimborn, D., & Weitzel, T. (2014). How Social Capital Among Information Technology and Business Units Drives Operational Alignment and IT Business Value. Journal Of Management Information Systems,31(1), 241-272. doi:10.2753/MIS0742-1222310110 5. Śliwczyński, B. (2011). OPERATIONAL CONTROLLING - A TOOL OF TRANSLATING STRATEGY INTO ACTION. Logforum, 7(1), 46-59.

Health care professionals engage in all sorts of activities.

Health care professionals engage in all sorts of activities. Health care professionals engage in all sorts of activities, ranging from planning, organizing, decision making, staffing, leading or directing, communicating as well as motivating. These professionals are often assuming the roles as department or unit managers or supervisors, or they may participate in only a few of these traditional functions such as training and the development of employees. In the health care industry proponents of mandatory, inpatient nurse-to-patient staffing ratios have lobbied state legislatures and the United States Congress to enact laws to improve overall working conditions in hospitals. As a result, it is important to have some type of regulation in place to govern and monitor the situation as it continues to develop and progress. Internal Control Mechanism are methods of managing variables in a desirable way. Control Mechanism is methods of managing variables in a desirable way. “Although formal and informal control mechanisms are often simultaneously used to govern systems development projects, considerable disagreement exists about whether the use of one strengthens or diminishes the benefits of the other.” (Tiwana, A. (2010). For example, a Health care managers at Nichols Health Care might install a variety of control mechanisms to help them monitor workers and adjust the flow of materials and other production inputs to maximize overall production efficiency in generating the desired amount of outputs. Given the increasingly diverse nature of operations and the dynamic transfer of officials within an organization, a systematic internal control mechanism is of great importance. “The importance of the control mechanism is shown to be greatest when the process is subject to high demand intensity, particularly when the demand process is sporadic.” (Vaughan, T. S. (2009). Display the status of the accomplishment of routine scheduled preventive maintenance activities by the plant engineering department. By creating monthly article to assist in publicizing the plant engineering department system including a fully functional operational report, announcing his/her determination to achieve certain goals and the efforts made by the engineering department to design the system and preventative maintenance efforts made. The engineering department also used a variety of methods to inform employees of the significance, function, and scope of the system in an effort to reach a consensus and foster determination to reach goals. Track the number of repeat patient chart requests fulfilled beyond a started two-hour response –time limit. Daily monitoring refers to the process of self- auditing within the internal control system and includes assessing whether the control environment is satisfactory, whether risk assessment is timely and accurate, whether control operations are appropriate and accurate, and whether information and communication systems include the proper items. Monitoring can be on-going or done on a case-by-case basis. Follow the processing of a letter of complaint from its initial Receipt to the disposition of the problem. Weekly monitoring of risk assessment refers to recognizing the internal and external factors that prevent goals from being achieved, and assessing the potential risk and impact of a variety of factors. The result of assessments can assist the organization in designing, amending and implementing necessary control operations. Track the timeliness of the clinical laboratory’s responses to STAT test requests. Daily control of activities that refers to designing a comprehensive control framework and setting control procedures at all levels. This guarantees that instructions from the board and manager are carried out, including approvals, authorization, certification, adjustment, reexamination, routine inventory, record verification, division of labor, guaranteeing asset safety, projects, budgets or comparison with previous results. Track the department’s financial operating results as compared with the departmental budget. Information refers to the targets of an information system, such as recognition, consideration, processing and reporting. The system includes operations, financial reporting and adherence to regulations by financial and non-financial information. Communication refers to the relay of information to various people, and to internal and external communications. The internal control system requires information from production planning to supervision and offers a mechanism for the person requiring specific information to obtain it. Report on employment turnover throughout the organization by quarter and by year. The goal of internal audits is to assist the board and managers to investigate and reexamine any problems in internal controls and to judge operational results. Audits also provide constructive suggestions to ensure the continuous and effective implementation of internal control systems. Audits are also used to examine and make amendments to the system. To ensure the objectivity of internal auditing work, auditing departments are usually directed by the board or president and operate independently. Case: The Employee-Retention Committee Meeting, Chapter 9 pages 318-320 in your text. Follow the instructions to complete the exercise and include at least three scholarly references in addition to course resources to support your analysis. “The findings suggest that relationship conflict, limited career prospects, and unsolicited work roles and responsibilities were amongst the common reasons for intended and actual turnover of key employees.” (Gialuisi, O., & Coetzer, A. (2013) A detailed critique of the Employee Retention Committee meeting, has many proofs that it was poorly managed and definitely without order or any real sense of professionalism. Therefore, I have created a list of occurrences or omissions that I believe indicates faulty committee practice and are as follows: a. The meeting did not start on time as requested; therefore, the meeting or the chairman of the committee was also not taken seriously. What should have been done was an inter-office Memo sent to all the invitees and includes all the managers and then sends the invite to meeting via outlook or messenger or some other form of media. For instance, you can always send a broadcast email to anybody and include a group of people that you would like to receive the message. b. The people invited showed up to the meeting when they saw fit; What should have been done was excuse the late show stoppers and advise them that they will be invited to next meeting and will be notified via a email or office memo with meeting exact information. Ask them to sign document that they willingly did not participate in a business meeting. c. No roll call; therefore no accountability of the information that was to be given What should have been done was a document should have been created with all of names of those invited. The document should have been sent around the room for everyone to sign and date. d. Side-bar discussions in the meeting room; distractions from the focus of the meeting What should have been done was that they were asked to discuss with everyone in the room what so important that they saw fit to disturb this business meeting. ; What should have been done; was a meeting room reservation should have already been reserved in advance and confirmed that would be adequate enough to hold everyone invited to the meeting. e. Acquiring adequate time and space were neglected; What should have been done, was just like the previous which was make reservation for the appropriate occasion. f. Meeting was constantly being obstructed by external parties; What should have been done, was advise all those attending to silence all cell phones and pagers and the start of the meeting. In addition, put a notice on the door there is a meeting in progress in this room. g. Disrespect of others and the time they are losing to make the meeting; What should have been done was the facilitator should have had all of the information needed for the meeting printed well before the time of the meeting was supposed to be held. h. Missing materials or lack meeting preparation for documents. (etc, reports, printouts, brochures) What should have been done, was that all documents should have been ordered or printed and ready for distribution before the attendees showed up to the meeting room, not once they arrived. i. The facilitator of meeting not prepared (fumbling through papers); What should have been done, was the chairman should have been prepared even if no one else even knew what was going on in the meeting. He should have been on point and ready to deliver his message no matter what and able to conclude and resolve any issues that the people may have at the time of his meeting. j. Missing the crux if the meeting; What should have been done was he should have resolved those issues in regards to the replacement of a leaving employee, and opened the communication lines for the employee retention program or pursuit or any other relative matters at that point. k. Never coming to any resolution or any conclusions about any of the topics needing to be discussed as a result of not being prepared the What should have been done, was since he was not ready for the meeting to reschedule so that everyone will not have so much down time and the people resume to the business as usual. How I would structure and position such a Employee Retention Committee: The primary employee retention strategies have to do with creating and maintaining a workplace that attracts, retains and nourishes good people. This covers a host of issues, ranging from developing a corporate mission, culture and value system to insisting on a safe working environment and creating clear, logical and consistent operating policies and procedures. “Since increasing financial benefits is considered as an unsustainable strategy in employee retention, firms have begun to consider flexible working as an alternative tool.” (Idris, A. (2014). The environmental employee retention strategies address three fundamental aspects of the workplace: the ethics and values foundation upon which the organization rests; the policies that interpret those values and translate them into day-to-day actions, and the physical environment in which people work. The overall goal is to make your company a place where people want to come to work. A sampling of environmental employee retention strategies includes the following: • Clarify your mission. • Create a values statement. • Communicate positive feelings. • Stay focused on the customer. • Be fair and honest. • Cultivate a feeling of family. • Promote integrity. • Do not tolerate sub-par performance. • Insist on workplace safety. • Reduce the number of meetings. • Make work fun. In conclusion, “this positive relationship is most widely recognized through the impact that employee retention has on increasing a firm's level of the knowledge transfer antecedent, absorptive capacity, thereby increasing the potential value of the stocks of knowledge within the organization.” (Larkin, R., & Burgess, J. (2013) In addition, one of the greatest challenges facing employers today is finding and keeping good employees. By regularly taking the pulse of your people get you a better sense of what is going on. From time to time, bring in an outside third party to get a more objective view of how your people really feel. Find out if they really know your vision, mission and values. At the same time, give employees plenty of information about how the company is performing and where it is going. When people buy into your clearly stated corporate values and have the information they need to get the job done, they are more than happy to stick around a while longer. References 1. Gialuisi, O., & Coetzer, A. (2013). An exploratory investigation into voluntary employee turnover and retention in small businesses. Small Enterprise Research, 20(1), 55-68. doi:10.5172/ser.2013.20.1.55 2. Idris, A. (2014). Flexible Working as an Employee Retention Strategy in Developing Countries. Journal Of Management Research (09725814), 14(2), 71-86. 3. Larkin, R., & Burgess, J. (2013). THE PARADOX OF EMPLOYEE RETENTION FOR KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER. Employment Relations Record, 13(2), 32-43. 4. Tiwana, A. (2010). Systems Development Ambidexterity: Explaining the Complementary and Substitutive Roles of Formal and Informal Controls. Journal Of Management Information Systems, 27(2), 87-126. doi:10.2753/MIS0742-1222270203 5. Vaughan, T. S. (2009). Alternative control mechanisms for cyclical scheduling systems. International Journal Of Production Research, 47(22), 6321-6332. doi:10.1080/00207540802262135 Auto Detailing Supplies Inc.

Capitalism vs. Socialism is the real culprit to our health care woes.

What do you think explains the paradoxical underachievement of the U.S. health care system in terms of money spent per capita and failure to achieve the population outcomes of nations that spend much less per capita on health care? What do you think explains the paradoxical underachievement of the U.S. health care system in terms of money spent per capita and failure to achieve the population outcomes of nations that spend much less per capita on health care? Firstly, in respect to the paradoxical underachievement of the U.S. health care system in terms of money spent per capita and failure to achieve the population outcomes of nations that spend much less per capita on health care is in part due personal and self –aggrandizement and greed along with a combination of discord and separation on multiple levels within our governmental institutions as well as our social and economic communities. “Even with the slow growth in national health spending in recent years, the US continued to spend a greater percentage of its wealth on health care than any other industrialized nation. In 2012, the US spent an average of $8,915 per person on health care, reaching a total of $2.8 trillion.” (Wilson, K. (2014, January 1) Secondly, the U.S. health care system is a failing system for many different reasons. One, most notable and significant reason is that the U.S. is a capitalist country. Throughout history the U.S., has been phenomenal in leadership as far as economic growth and development. However, for both private and governmental sectors in the U.S. , the primary focus has always been to generate as much capital as possible. The U.S. has fallen behind, as far as being able to keep up with societies that invest in cultural and social developments or socialist societies, therefore negatively impacting the social and economic status of some of its' citizens. The fundamental issue, between the capitalism and socialism is concerning the economic equality and the role that the government plays in making sure everyone receives equal and fair resources. Furthermore, capitalism in the U.S. in most cases is responsible for disproportionate distribution of wealth and power, as well as various other forms of social exploitation of those that are less fortunate. In addition, the effects of capitalism are extreme forms of social alienation, inequality, unemployment, and economic instability that further develops into more unrest liken unto the tragic accident in the more recent incident that happened in Ferguson ,Missouri in reference to Michael Brown. For example, “racial/ethnic minorities suffer disproportionate morbidity and mortality from chronic diseases, including cancer, heart disease, diabetes, and stroke”. (Shavers, V. L., Fagan, P., Jones, D., Klein, W. P., Boyington, J., Moten, C., & Rorie, E. (2012). It is unfortunate, that we were able to witness to the U.S. government arbitrarily utilize it military forces to suppress the voice of some who have fallen victim to a failing capitalist society. Also, the U.S. government manages its population under the capitalist concept of free market, in which this ideology promotes the idea that it is the best determinate of economic status. The capitalist philosophy is one that is more concerned with the rich getting richer and more or less concerned about equality. The objective of capitalism is essentially to encourage innovation and economic development by allowing inequality although some of it may have contradicting results. Thirdly, and to the contrary, countries that practice Socialism within a country’s economic systems, healthcare, education, corporations propose to the idea that all individuals will have access to basic articles of consumption and public goods that in turn benefit the whole community. On the flip side, socialism is concerned with redistributing or dividing the resources from the rich to the poor. Using this approach will ensure everyone has both equal opportunities and equal rewards. Below, you will see some of the most socialistic nations in the world today: • China • Denmark • Finland • Netherlands • Canada • Sweden • Norway • Ireland • New Zealand • Belgium Although in China, the government manages controls and takes on a larger role in the economy. As a result, the living in China is less stressful and thus offering a more relaxed life style as compared to a capitalist country like the U.S. Socialism creates community values that fashions after the idea of establishing and creating, unlike capitalism which is designed to surely fail. In addition, some of the advantages of socialism include: • Great Economic efficiency • Greater social welfare • Absence of monopolistic practices • Absence of business fluctuations Socialism gives equal distribution of national wealth and provides everyone with equal opportunities, irrespective of their, color, caste, creed or economic status. Socialism, in essence means equality by all means. By taking from the rich and presenting to the poor, socialism creates prosperity by reducing the social, economic, and political inequalities that exist within capitalist societies. In conclusion, it will be a difficult challenge to convenience the U.S. of the wealth of benefits of associated with a socialist society because of the indoctrination of capitalism. “Old economic approaches are not capable of meeting our economic, environmental, and social challenges.” (Eisler, R. (2013). Nevertheless, capitalism has been the American way, but maybe or perhaps in the future we can consider other options to better manage our society. The rewards would be far to great if we worked together to ameliorate and uplift one another. References Cutler, D., & Sahni, N. (2013). If Slow Rate Of Health Care Spending Growth Persists, Projections May Be Off By $770 Billion. Health Affairs, 841-850. Eisler, R. (2013). Building a Caring Economy and Society Beyond Capitalism, Socialism, and Other Old Isms. Cadmus, 1(6, Part 1), 49. Shavers, V. L., Fagan, P., Jones, D., Klein, W. P., Boyington, J., Moten, C., & Rorie, E. (2012). The State of Research on Racial/Ethnic Discrimination in The Receipt of Health Care. American Journal Of Public Health, 102(5), 953-966. Wilson, K. (2014, January 1). Slow Growth Persists. Retrieved from http://www.chcf.org/publications/2014/07/health-care-costs-101 What do you think explains the paradoxical underachievement of the U.S. health care system in terms of money spent per capita and failure to achieve the population outcomes of nations that spend much less per capita on health care? Firstly, in respect to the paradoxical underachievement of the U.S. health care system in terms of money spent per capita and failure to achieve the population outcomes of nations that spend much less per capita on health care is in part due personal and self –aggrandizement and greed along with a combination of discord and separation on multiple levels within our governmental institutions as well as our social and economic communities. “Even with the slow growth in national health spending in recent years, the US continued to spend a greater percentage of its wealth on health care than any other industrialized nation. In 2012, the US spent an average of $8,915 per person on health care, reaching a total of $2.8 trillion.” (Wilson, K. (2014, January 1) Secondly, the U.S. health care system is a failing system for many different reasons. One, most notable and significant reason is that the U.S. is a capitalist country. Throughout history the U.S., has been phenomenal in leadership as far as economic growth and development. However, for both private and governmental sectors in the U.S. , the primary focus has always been to generate as much capital as possible. The U.S. has fallen behind, as far as being able to keep up with societies that invest in cultural and social developments or socialist societies, therefore negatively impacting the social and economic status of some of its' citizens. The fundamental issue, between the capitalism and socialism is concerning the economic equality and the role that the government plays in making sure everyone receives equal and fair resources. Furthermore, capitalism in the U.S. in most cases is responsible for disproportionate distribution of wealth and power, as well as various other forms of social exploitation of those that are less fortunate. In addition, the effects of capitalism are extreme forms of social alienation, inequality, unemployment, and economic instability that further develops into more unrest liken unto the tragic accident in the more recent incident that happened in Missouri. For example, “racial/ethnic minorities suffer disproportionate morbidity and mortality from chronic diseases, including cancer, heart disease, diabetes, and stroke”. (Shavers, V. L., Fagan, P., Jones, D., Klein, W. P., Boyington, J., Moten, C., & Rorie, E. (2012). It is unfortunate, that we were able to witness to the U.S. government arbitrarily utilize it military forces to suppress the voice of some who have fallen victim to a failing capitalist society. Also, the U.S. government manages its population under the capitalist concept of free market, in which this ideology promotes the idea that it is the best determinate of economic status. The capitalist philosophy is one that is more concerned with the rich getting richer and more or less concerned about equality. The objective of capitalism is essentially to encourage innovation and economic development by allowing inequality although some of it may have contradicting results. Thirdly, and to the contrary, countries that practice Socialism within a country’s economic systems, healthcare, education, corporations propose to the idea that all individuals will have access to basic articles of consumption and public goods that in turn benefit the whole community. On the flip side, socialism is concerned with redistributing or dividing the resources from the rich to the poor. Using this approach will ensure everyone has both equal opportunities and equal rewards. Below, you will see some of the most socialistic nations in the world today: • China • Denmark • Finland • Netherlands • Canada • Sweden • Norway • Ireland • New Zealand • Belgium Although in China, the government manages controls and takes on a larger role in the economy. As a result, the living in China is less stressful and thus offering a more relaxed life style as compared to a capitalist country like the U.S. Socialism creates community values that fashions after the idea of establishing and creating, unlike capitalism which is designed to surely fail. In addition, some of the advantages of socialism include: • Great Economic efficiency • Greater social welfare • Absence of monopolistic practices • Absence of business fluctuations Socialism gives equal distribution of national wealth and provides everyone with equal opportunities, irrespective of their, color, caste, creed or economic status. Socialism, in essence means equality by all means. By taking from the rich and presenting to the poor, socialism creates prosperity by reducing the social, economic, and political inequalities that exist within capitalist societies. In conclusion, it will be a difficult challenge to convenience the U.S. of the wealth of benefits of associated with a socialist society because of the indoctrination of capitalism. “Old economic approaches are not capable of meeting our economic, environmental, and social challenges.” (Eisler, R. (2013). Nevertheless, capitalism has been the American way, but maybe or perhaps in the future we can consider other options to better manage our society. The rewards would be far to great if we worked together to ameliorate and uplift one another. References Cutler, D., & Sahni, N. (2013). If Slow Rate Of Health Care Spending Growth Persists, Projections May Be Off By $770 Billion. Health Affairs, 841-850. Eisler, R. (2013). Building a Caring Economy and Society Beyond Capitalism, Socialism, and Other Old Isms. Cadmus, 1(6, Part 1), 49. Shavers, V. L., Fagan, P., Jones, D., Klein, W. P., Boyington, J., Moten, C., & Rorie, E. (2012). The State of Research on Racial/Ethnic Discrimination in The Receipt of Health Care. American Journal Of Public Health, 102(5), 953-966. Wilson, K. (2014, January 1). Slow Growth Persists. Retrieved from http://www.chcf.org/publications/2014/07/health-care-costs-101